The YRO percolate throughout cellular physiology. Some of these
dynamics differ between the short period YRO observed in the IFO 0233
strain, and longer period YRO, with a stronger coupling to the cell
division cycle. Most importantly and often misunderstood (see PubPeer
comments for Tu et al.
(2005)), fermentation and glycogen cycling occur in opposite
phases: glycogen is accumulated during the LOC phase (Küenzi and Fiechter
1969) and used to fuel the HOC phase, with a short peak of
fermentation, in CDC-coupled YRO (Sonnleitner and Hahnemann 1994);
but produced during the HOC and consumed during the fermentative LOC
phase in short period YRO (Satroutdinov, Kuriyama, and Kobayashi
(1992); Keulers,
Satroutdinov, et al. (1996); DB Murray (1997/unpublished)). When
grown on ethanol as carbon source, Keulers, Suzuki, et al. (1996) detected
no glycogen at all during the YRO. This shows that the main mechanistic
model of the YRO is not generally valid.
In contrast, ATP and specifically the ATP/ADP ratio has been
consistently shown to peak in early HOC phase and reach a minimum in
early LOC phase in both long period (Meyenburg 1969; Xu,
Yaguchi, and Tsurugi 2004; Müller 2006) and short period YRO
(Machné and
Murray 2012; Amariei et al. 2014). Similarly, the pH is minimal
in HOC and maximal in LOC phase in both (Keulers, Satroutdinov, et al.
1996; O' Neill et al. 2020).
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